By Martina Iñiguez
says Rodolfo H. Pérez in his book "That Uruguayan named Carlos Gardel"
"No, calmly, can hold as unshakable truth that Gardel was born in 1890. Too many records that claim a much earlier date arising from the minutes of Toulouse. "
If Gardel had been the French child would not have been necessary to resort to false witnesses to demonstrate their French; to have been, that truth alone would tax the strength of the facts and will impose gradually Tacuarembó origin despite the best efforts of stubborn, uninformed and naive.
not invent persecution by French officials or seeking to deny the value contained in a voluntary statement that Carlos Gardel made his place of birth to prove a hypothetical get French nationality.
Uruguayan thesis, which it could be provocative at first, has been becoming more likely every day and the singer's relationship with his biological family be emerging despite the attempts of the same by diverting attention from its painful origin.
Today I'll cover a single event on which it has fantasized much and for that, I first remind the testimonies of those still looking for two children merge into one, we gave evidence to allow the real story go to complying.
One of these testimonies we had already published just three days after the death of the idol. I mean Stephen Hood, the "childhood friend" who claimed to have known the singer in Toulouse.
Having found in the database CEMLA. (Latin American Center for Immigration Studies), which Odali Capet, French, 27-year-old seamstress, Catholic and Capet Stephan, of 7 years old, Catholic, arrived in Buenos Aires in Córdoba Vapor from Bordeaux on May 15, 1889 , is demonstrated beyond doubt that the latter could not have known the son of Berta French in Toulouse , who was born in December 1890, a year and half after the departure of both of that city. (The error in the spelling of the surname Capet by Hood, hindered the discovery of this data to previous researchers)
But this does not mean that all testimony be excluded. Consider a few:
Stephen Hood, in an interview made by the Magazine Platea, Bs As, 01.07.1960, when asked if he had any profession Gardel, after saying it was "typographer" said they worked together in the printing of Cuneo, called "Au bon marché" and was in Florida and Cordoba .
Berta Gardes also said that as her son "did not want to study more", put it in "the most diverse trades and mentions among them the " typographer ".
Carlos Gardel himself, upon his arrest in 1904 in Florencio Varela says "typographer".
And Susana Cabrera in his book "Secrets of the Colonel", a novel well documented and seasoned with various Tacuarembó testimony mentions:
"Carlitos arrived yesterday, spoke to Don Carlos for help, he was wrong, but finally agreed to give a job: Clelio Oliva, his brother, it will be in service in the press. Will teach the craft of typography. " He adds on page. to clarify:
"Carlos Gardel himself admits in an interview that the" stop words ", and says he studied the craft in a craft course, in a Salesian College (*) In fact, the findings made by this committee confirm that the early teachings of this craft the learned with his maternal uncle. "
after the writer mentions a timely response from Stephen Hood:
" Yes, it was a typographer " I wonder if he ever worked as such and answers; "Yes, in the printing of Cuneo."
Hood These responses can be seen in the magazine Platea that date.
What I can not find is the claim Charles in " The Journal of Montevideo saying, "having studied the craft in a craft course, in a Salesian school."
(*) I have not found such a statement in the newspaper , please if it is true that Carlos Gardel said that at some point , publish facsimile, stating date and page number so we can verify.
Yes I found instead in " The Journal" of September 19, 1933 a photograph of "Thrush" in the next section : "Even thought the types of printing are not like that enshrined in their songs, Carlos carefully examines agreed this morning when, years ago, was letters Hostel "El Heraldo" of Buenos Aires. " (sic)
is fair to note at this time Erasmo Silva Cabrera ( Avlis) says in his book "Case for the truth", p. 57, citing Hood said:
... "That also worked in the printing Cuneo (" Bon Marché ") from Florida Street, the same printer have edited" El Heraldo ", which began dating in January of 1904, the latter by a warning that author read in the newspapers of the time. "
The fingerprinting analysis of the singer Carlos Gardel made by Commissioner Torre leaves no doubt as to identify them and confirm what was said by Nelson Bayardo in the sense that Carlos, a lack of proper documentation, "played to the confusion" by using the identity of the true child of Berta Gardes: Charles Romuald Gardes .
This handbook deserves to be considered especially at the end and I will discuss the issue "typographer" I am developing.
Consider then the documentation and evidence we have:
1) Stephen Hood said that Gardel was "typographer" and worked together in the printing of Cuneo, called "Au bon marché" and was in Florida and Cordoba (apple "Bon Marché Argentino ").
2) Berta Gardes said one of the trades exercised by Carlos was the "typographer".
3) Charles himself says he worked as a typographer in "The Herald" of Buenos Aires.
4) Carlos Gardel is said "typographer" automatically being detained in Florencio Varela.
5) Susana Cabrera states that the office was taught by his maternal uncle Clelio Oliva.
6) Erasmo Silva Cabrera says "El Heraldo" of Buenos Aires began dating in 1904.
Based on these data direct my research and found that:
Carlos Escayola took over in 1882 as political head of the Colorado Party and Chief of Police of San Fructuoso, Tacuarembó today. In March 1886 is granted the rank of colonel .
"El Heraldo" described itself as "Colorado Newspaper, News and Business", its authors were Dr. Ricardo Acosta and Juan María Oliver and his writing was on the street corner May 25 Salto.
This newspaper, which appeared on Thursdays and Sundays, was founded at the request of Carlos Escayola the February 1, 1886 , when his power was in full expansion. Consider that at the time, a newspaper was the most important means of disseminating political propaganda conocido.Así mention the fact in 1894
He received international news from Buenos Aires and Montevideo and added to the same local news . Its director was Clelio Oliva, brother of Maria Lelia Oliva, biological mother Carlos Gardel and owner of the font as well as printing. Here we can see how they advertised it in 1894:
His propaganda was as follows:
"In this well-mounted font setting, the oldest in the town , made all kinds of work concerning the field, for which we have a full staff of operators and with good and abundant materials that put us in a position to do from the most enormous poster to the finest card. "He also directed the" General Newspaper Agency and newspapers country and abroad. Clelio House Oliva 18 July Street, San Fructuoso, Tacuarembó. " The news came via Buenos Aires and Montevideo and also inserted in the daily local news.
words, Clelio Carlos Oliva and Plaster were in contact with newspaper "El Heraldo" from Buenos Aires where Carlos Gardel it claimed to have worked as a printer.
Joan Olive Sghirla , maternal biological grandmother of Carlos Gardel, led the: "Joya Agency Literary Journals and Newspapers" San Fructuoso another setting linked to the sale of books and newspapers.
Gardel then came a family of printers , owners of printing oldest town . Not surprisingly, it has dabbled in some way in the profession pursued by her birth family, which almost certainly secretly received any support or recommendation, at least through one of its members.
Stephen Hood, in the journal Platea, adds a factor to consider:
After mentioning the printing of Cuneo says
"There work together. When charged, quickly had the money and said, "half-Chau ... ..!" And disappeared for a while, that is, by the time it lasted silver. Then, the tired, wet again as chicken, and although the owner would scold him smile Charles and his great sympathy to loosen and give him that job again . Carlos knew the value of his personal charm and, in some of their returns, when he managed to Cuneo excuse him, smiling and covering her as saying: "- Did you see how I lay down
...?" wondered if it would weigh at the time of the apology, as well the undoubted charm of Charles, the family recommendation. It is difficult to believe that an employee subject to "disappear" from time were desirable.
La Imprenta de José Cuneo where Hood had worked Gardel confirms that opens its doors as such only in 1905. (Kraft Guide, Volume I, Page 261). Was located at 545 Viamonte Street and occupied a place in the block currently occupied by Pacific Galleries, galleries former Bon Marché Argentino ", including the streets Florida, Av Córdoba, San Martin and Viamonte , whose construction began in 1896 but recently was completed in 1905.
was designed in 1889 by architects Agrelo and Le Vacher, a copy of a Paris gallery, Bon Marche, whose name even is also thought to play.
However, looking at the Guides Kraft found that the 3rd tome of 1904 , for the months of July, August and September of that year, the duration "The Herald" in Viamonte 545 address. (Not in the previous months where we see on the street located 970 Azcuénaga , hence Avlis saw a notice in a publication of the month January).
Herald still listed as such until 1905 Volume 1, 2 and from the press second volume is already the name of Jose Cuneo.
then we can say with certainty that "El Heraldo" was printed in that direction, Viamonte 545 , and almost certainly under the direction of Joseph Cuneo in the end still in the process of building Bon Galleries Marché Argentino, until the month of April 1905 when the Press, and completed construction takes its name from Cuneo Ediciones .
words we know with certainty that "El Heraldo" from Buenos Aires where Carlos Gardel claimed to have worked was printed at 545 Viamonte between July 1904 and March 1905 , just within the date that Carlos Gardel was arrested in Florencio Varela : 12 to 17 September 1904.
This data confirms that Carlos Gardel was "typographer" automatically on the time of his arrest , and would spend his paycheck to one of his usual "disappearances" your workplace.
A Berta Gardes data given to "La Canción Moderna" of June 1936 helps to clarify the time Gardel have been learning his trade "typographer with his uncle Clelio Oliva" : "After fourteen years ( Carlos Gardel, who meet circa 1898) comes to the little old lady (Berta Gardes) a time even more painful. I still remember excitedly. Carlitos came one afternoon and said he had found a good use of typography in Montevideo . There would be a good friend, another boy his age. "
is likely to be true Gardel told by his adoptive mother, who went to Montevideo in the hope or promise of a job as a printer. Learning could do in the period of "disappearance of her mother's house between 1899 and 1904 (with 14 years of age). Around 1900 or 1901 Luis Villarrubia , nativist voice teacher and founder of the Society Creole Tacuarembó Regular Elijah claimed to have been working a short stint as assistant cook at the inn of the English Hotel of that city property Benigno Gaye, where Villarubia vivía.Vemos here a notice published in El Heraldo de Tacuarembó:
If Gardel went to Montevideo after 14 years in 1904 Charles Romuald Gardes was recently 13 years and was a boarder at the Colegio San Estanislao , we are clearly talking about two different people : One he chose as the final name of Carlos Gardel , about 19 years old and had passed a time learning the craft of Uruguay "typographer", and another call Charles Romuald Gardes she studied for two years in the Colegio Pio IX without no teacher or partner who could sing remember.
It is worthwhile to make a thorough analysis of:
The History Syllabus, 1904
In the book "Return of Gardel" (1995), Ricardo Ostuni speaks of the 1904 handbook on pages 97 and 98 saying that she received from Nelson Bayardo photocopy of a document containing juicy elements for analysis:
"The detainee is Carlos Gardez (with zeta, as mentioned Hood) , son of Charles and Bertha (in castellano), de 14 años ( edad aparente ), nacionalidad francesa (se dice nacido en la ciudad de Tolosa), de profesión tipógrafo y con una residencia de 13 años y 6 meses en el país ; fija asimismo, un domicilio inexacto (en 1904 Berta Gardes vivía en Corrientes 1553 y no en Uruguay 162 como declara el menor). Se hace referencia también a que con fecha 17 de setiembre “ fue entregado a su señor padre ”.
Bayardo me señala que tanto las firmas como las impresiones digitales que figuran en ese documento, presuntivamente pertenecen a Carlos Gardel , And suggests that " is proof of the thesis (Uruguay) that Carlos played Charles confusion with (the child born in France) trying to give details of it but making mistakes."
later says Ricardo Ostuni:
"... as soon as I said Nelson Bayardo, (who has retired father) only be understood as an interference of political power at the time (" Barceló?) For "sneak the package."
What is not conceivable in this context is that they were less than 14 years if While the police search only records a apparent age. We can also deduce that lacked identification documents, so it is legitimate to assume that Gardel had tried to lower your real age to stand at an advantage as less .
On the other hand, if the detainee had Gardez 13 years and 6 months of residence in the country , meaning that it had reached mid-1890 , ie before he was born Charles Romuald Gardes in Toulouse .
I tend to believe (without further evidence that the analysis), which Gardel escaped from a police station Florencio Varela, who was older of the apparent (in my view between 16 and 17 years) and had long since abandoned his life with Berta Gardes, as evidenced by the fact that ignorant of your new home. Surely this is the disappearance Berta hopes to "The Modern Song" in the said report and why it assumed dead until 1910. "
In this regard I wish to clarify that never proven that the period of "disappearance" of her mother's house occurred between 1904 and 1910 . Therefore, Ostuni, saying Berta "I assumed dead until 1910 "Is repeating a common misconception .
Berta told "The Modern Song" that Charles was gone after 14 years ( unspecified year) and as not heard from him for six years "dead guessed" the French interpreted that the fact could not have occurred later than 1904 because the date settled according to the birth of French and broadcast this error. Other researchers, with the exception of Avlis, who placed this done five or six years ago, repeated it.
As the home of Berta in 1904, several authors believe :
From "First dictionary Gardel" of Barcia, Fulle and Maccaggi :
"Addresses: From the first home 162 Calle Uruguay, where he stayed his mother Berta Gardes in 1893, the small family of French immigrants lived then other properties of Buenos Aires. In rough chronological order, to be mentioned in this connection the following addresses: Corrientes 1557, (in 1904); Corrientes 1714 (to 1910), and Valentín Gómez, among Laprida and Gallo, according to statements Manuel Pizarro, which would affirm its commitment to Gardel Abasto neighborhood. "
Simon Collier says in the book " Carlos Gardel, his life, his music, his time ", p.20: " Their education primary, the only education he came to have ended in another school, the Colegio San Estanislao (Tucumán 2646) in 1904. (It is likely that this change of school is related to the removal of Doña Berta, that for this time moved from the street Uruguay your new home, Corrientes 1553.) "
Payssé Eduardo González in the 3 rd edition of his book 'pages open, " page. 146, says:
" After living in that tenement street Uruguay 162 (or 160) because the house would have two access doors) in late 1902 or early 1903 , Berta Gardes moved to a house on Corrientes 1553 or 1557. He lived with Charlie and marriage Anaix Beaux-Fortunato Muñiz, not far from the neighborhood of Abasto, that of the adventures of the singer who became known as the "Morocho del Abasto".
In the book "Case for the truth", edition, 1975, p. 58: Avlis said:
"in 1903, she (Berta Gardes) will leave the tenancy of the street Uruguay 162 (fixed address in the registration of Charles Romuald Gardes in a Salesian school) to go live with Anais Beaux in 1557 Corrientes Street .
------------------------------------------- --------------------
Of course if Gardel was arrested in Florencio Varela, his fingerprints were the same then that when he died in Medellín . To my knowledge, no fingerprints change over time.
Lets look at some other details:
says Rodolfo Omar Zatti (Declared French) in his book "Gardel in the Abasto" page 297:
"Never, when the wide world welcomed him with applause, Carlitos forgot Abasto. One night, while in" El Garron "of Paris, Juan Pizarro - Abasto musician too - wanted to touch a chord and suddenly asked:
· - Morocho ... do you remember "Yiyo?
Gardel plunged his gaze into the distance and a veil of nostalgia clouded his eyes. But the second overcame and went to Florida gay boy in him.
· - Poor "Yiyo! - said - I wanted while the last time I saw him I did cut the whiskers ...
was true. Gardel, who was always impeccably shaved and had a scraggly beard so nearly approached hairless, had convinced her stunning friends unfashionable as it was the mustache. Y "Yiyo" nothing more than to please Charlie, was cut pilosities those who were her pride. "
CONCLUSION:
If Gardel almost hairless approached adult, it is not surprising it was beardless at age 19.
------------------------------------------------ --------------- Let us now
French
Charles Romuald Gardes and its passage through the Colegio Pio IX , well documented by Hector Julio Canton in his book:
"Carlos Gardel, Artisan - Student "Salesian Historical Archive
Buenos Aires 1994, Chapter Two, Gardel craftsman, p. 30:
" IV - Curriculum craft
Gardés Carlos, or Carlos or Gardez Gardes
is no easy task - we anticipated - describe the step of our investigation for various workshops. We will use the records we offer documents discussed in Sections I, II and III of this chapter. Find inaccurate information in some cases and missing in others. We will have to incorporate us, pointing, to give continuity to our work that we saved with this warning.
We can establish:
a) Your college entrance pupil Pius IX as a craftsman on April 2, 1901. (Book of enrollment).
b) Their presence in the pressroom performing tasks binder (13) during the month of April and presumably May (14). (Ledger of Artisans) (15).
c) The first change workshop, from Cobblers at the beginning of the month of June (16), remaining there until the 15th of the month. (License Plate Book 1901).
d) Second hand shop on the date above, from the tailoring shop, taking in the new learning in the second half of June and the month of July (17). (College Tuition).
e) Third workshop change in the months of August, September and October can be found in Section Blacksmithing (Artisan Ledger, recorded in folio 470). (18)
f) Fourth workshop change appears in the transcript of Grade 2, recorded in the Cobblers, which was, in all likelihood - add us - during the months of November and December until the completion of the courses.
This allows us to establish precisely the workshop by our craftsmen spent during the academic year 1901, will list, as well as time spent in each, to be here about the nature of the imprecision documentary and referred.
Printing Workshop : Months of April and May. Shoe Shop
: First 15 days of June. (1 st time). Tailoring
Workshop: Last days of June and July. Blacksmithing Workshop
: Month of August, September and October. Shoe Shop
: Months of November and December. (2 nd time)
summarize: Of the 5 workshops Colegio Pio IX which was provided to the artisans and apprentices skills training, our parade except Carpentry, all the rest, and Cobblers twice .
This versatility is omitted by most authors, who in turn tell us that in its passage by the College Pius IX, "acquired the craft of typography." nothing wrong, the formation of a printer required a steep learning curve that extended for years. As mentioned earlier in the shop Printing Binding performing tasks, for two months. (19)
(13) Inform the Father Baratta
(14) lack the month of May at the Artisans Ledger.
(15) in the general ledger of the Artisans, February is a rating for Carlos Gardes. We can not explain it or make it compatible with their entry to the College at a later date in the month of April, as we have indicated.
(16) Tentative date, no verifiable.
(17) Tentative date, no verifiable.
(18) is striking that in the blacksmith shop, the more demanding at least in tasks of physical effort, remained longer than in others.
(19) insufficient time to form a "man's job", whatever it , and less than a printer.
CONCLUSION Canton
Although he did not know, students enrolled there was not who later became known as Carlos Gardel , but Charles Romuald Gardes. However, his statement regarding the child was not Charles Gardes typographer is blunt:
"This versatility is omitted by most authors, who in turn tell us that in its passage through Colegio Pio IX , " acquired the office of typographer." NADA more inaccurate, the formation of a printer required a steep learning curve that extended for years . We already mentioned that in the shop Printing Binding performing tasks for two months . "
This means that typographer who was not was Charles Romuald Gardes . Had been the boy arrested, should have said "student" or "blacksmith" , as it was in the workshop that was longer.
also reiterate no one in the College Pio IX nobody remembered that the child could sing Gardes.
We have then that the detainee is Carlos Gardez (with zeta, as mentioned Hood, although Berta and in his "Carte d'identité" signed Garden Berthe), son Carlos and Berta (in Castilian) of 14 ( apparent age), French (reportedly born in the city of Toulouse), real profession: typographer and a residence of 13 years and 6 months in the country (which implies that arrived in the country before was born Charles Romuald Gardes), fixed his home in Uruguay 162. It also refers to that on September 17 "was presented to your father." (What father would have retired? Does a priest named Father Colegio San Estanislao Trucho?)
The police officer recorded his 14 years as apparent as there was no documentation that the determined but only the statement of the young. Being short and "almost hairless" could easily pass for a boy of that age.
He settles in Uruguay 162, but ... Berta was still living there? CONCLUSION
so far and based on the items listed the detainee was who later took the name of Carlos Gardel, undocumented, beardless (almost hairless) approximately 19 years (actual age), of real trade, compositor . A "friend" acted as "father."
gave the address where supposed still living Berta (who did not report her disappearance because he still hoped the return of the boy who had gone one day with over 14 years to Montevideo with a friend and pursuit of a post typographer). learned the family trade in Montevideo or Tacuarembó , when he left for six years the house of her adoptive mother.
is very difficult to determine what actually happened, because Hood, in an effort to merge the two children in one lie relentlessly. As very bad, you "escape" very contradictory details. Talk about that in another note.
then I had to resort to develop my hypothesis to the testimonies made by matching different people, to which I added documented evidence. Of course, any version can be improved based on new evidence .
Needless to say it was the best singer of tango, Argentine heart although Uruguayan birth of all time.
Here we see his picture alongside that of his cousin Clelio Oliva (h), son who is taught the trade of printer, his maternal cousin Clelio Oliva.
---------------------------------------- I invite to see the page and the following blogs and express their opinions on them:
http://www.geomundos.com/cultura/gardeloriental/
BLOGS:
THE PLASTER THEATER, WHERE NO SANG GARDEL Carlos Plaster not only remain in the memories of all Tacuarembonenses as the creator of theater that bore his name, but also as the father of Carlos Gardel, the greatest singer of the Rio de la Plata, never wanted to sing there.
http://teatroescayola.blogspot.com/
------------------------------------ -------
Carlos Gardel and The Strange Case of CARTON MUTANT
The photograph of the singer Carlos Gardel child with a daughter of Rosa C. Franchini and concern of the French Gardelians impose the idea that it is Mary Franchini when all indications provide suppose that in reality it is Francesca Franchini, born between May 1882 and May 1883. -------------------------------------
http://cartonfranchini.blogspot.com/
------
A photograph allegedly committed by the singer Carlos Gardel Peter Guzzatti raises questions about its legitimacy. See the new blog of Ms Martina Iñiguez:
GUZZATTI WHO WAS PETER? --------------------------------------
http://gardelguzzatti.blogspot.com
-
THE EDUCATION OF CHARLES GARDEL
The finding of a school level has been determined that the Cantor Carlos Gardel became part of their schooling in Grade 2 School No. 27, located in la calle Durazno 335(numeración antigua) del barrio Sur montevideano.
http://charlaescolaridadgardel.blogspot.com/
----------------------------------------
http://gardelfranchini.blogspot.com/
FOTOGRAFÍA DE CARTOS GARDEL NIÑO CON UNA DE LAS HIJAS DE ROSA FRANCHINI.
Una fecha sin asidero documental asigna una identidad discutible a la niña que aparece con Carlos Gardel en una foto de infancia.
------------------------------- ---------------
http://gardelysusenigmas.blogspot.com/2006/03/carlos-gardel-y-la-foto-modificada_09.html
http://gardelysusenigmasblogspot.com
CARLOS GARDEL Y LA PROPERTY PHOTO BY MARTINA IÑIGUEZ
This paper shows that we have tried to merge the identity of Carlos Gardel, Uruguayan-born undocumented Tacuarembó, son of Charles and Mary, both Uruguayan, with that of a child born in Toulouse, France named Charles Gardes, son of Berta Gardes, French and an unknown father. -----------------------------------------------
Posted by Nelson
http://casadegardelblogspot.com/ Sica
CANTOR'S HOUSE IN MONTEVIDEO
The house that the singer bought in Montevideo today is a major rehab.
An example of community service and the best tribute that could have done to Carlos Gardel, who was a noble, generous and supportive. An award for the "Wizard", which can represent more than a monument.
0 comments:
Post a Comment